What role does aldosterone play in the body?

Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that plays a crucial role in regulating electrolyte and fluid balance in the body, particularly through its effects on the kidneys. Its primary function is to aid in sodium conservation; it promotes the reabsorption of sodium in the renal tubules of the kidneys. When sodium is reabsorbed, water follows due to osmotic gradients, which helps increase blood volume and, consequently, blood pressure.

This mechanism is part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which is activated in response to low blood pressure or low blood volume. By conserving sodium and facilitating water retention, aldosterone effectively helps the body maintain proper hydration levels, electrolyte balance, and blood pressure. Its role is vital in processes related to homeostasis, particularly under conditions of dehydration or blood loss.