Which hormones are responsible for the development of the endometrium?

The hormones responsible for the development of the endometrium are progesterone and estrogen. During the menstrual cycle, estrogen is primarily produced in the first half and stimulates the proliferation of the endometrial lining, promoting thickening and preparing it for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. Following ovulation, progesterone is secreted by the corpus luteum and plays a crucial role in further transforming the endometrium, making it more vascular and secretory, which is essential for sustaining a pregnancy if fertilization occurs.

These two hormones act synergistically to not only prepare the uterine lining for possible implantation but also to support the early stages of pregnancy by maintaining the endometrium. This combination is vital for reproductive health, directly impacting fertility and menstrual cycle regulation.