Which of the following structures is part of the central nervous system?

The spinal cord is a crucial component of the central nervous system (CNS), which also includes the brain. The CNS is responsible for processing and transmitting information throughout the body. It serves as the main control center, interpreting sensory data, coordinating responses, and regulating bodily functions. The spinal cord specifically acts as a major conduit for signals between the brain and the rest of the body, enabling reflex actions and voluntary movements.

Nerves, peripheral nerves, and ganglia, although essential for the nervous system's function, belong to the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The PNS connects the CNS to limbs and organs, facilitating communication between the brain and spinal cord and the peripheral parts of the body. Understanding this distinction is key in recognizing the roles of different structures within the nervous system.